As the COVID-19 crisis intensified, policymakers at the federal, state, and local levels started suspending or rescinding laws and regulations that hindered sensible, speedy responses to the pandemic. These “rule departures” raised many questions. Were the paused rules undermining public...

On December 1, 2017, the Chicago Mercantile Exchange Inc. and the CBOE Futures Exchange self-certified new contracts for cash-settled bitcoin futures products. The self-certification process allows designated contract markets to list new derivative products one day after submitting in writing to...

We study the cyclicality of public R&D in 28 OECD countries (1995 – 2017). While procyclical on average, public R&D reacts asymmetrically over different phases of the business cycle and becomes a cyclical during recessions. It is also heterogeneous across countries: Innovation leaders and...

During crises, governments resort to extraordinary fiscal and financial measures to mitigate the recessionary impacts of crises. These macroeconomic intervention measures along with aggregate demand and supply shocks and policy choices would affect the exporting environment of a country through...

The coronavirus crisis and the measures taken by national governments to combat the pandemic have led to an acute situation in the field of insolvency of companies. Assessments of the situation vary, and there are many reasons for this: the continuation of the pandemic, the introduction of...