shock event, this study explores that MNCs have significantly higher market and book leverage than purely domestic firms … first study that compares the capital structure of MNCs and DCs during times of financial shock and credit constraint. …

enterprises. We construct a panel of European multinational networks from 2003 through 2015. We use as a financial shock the … increase in risk premia between August 2007 and July 2012 and build a multinational-specific shock based on the network … structure before the shock. Multinationals facing a larger financial shock perform worse in terms of revenue, employment, and …

enterprises. We construct a panel of European multinational networks from 2003 through 2015. We use as a financial shock the … increase in risk premia between August 2007 and July 2012 and build a multinational-specific shock based on the network … structure before the shock. Multinationals facing a larger financial shock perform worse in terms of revenue, employment, and …

We study the effects of the car scrapping subsidies in Europe during the financial crisis. We make use of a rich data …