I introduce a method of portfolio selection based on the idea that investment risk is not having enough wealth when you need it. Not having enough wealth translates into a required return. When you need wealth translates into an investment horizon. These two ingredients, when combined with...

In this article, we advance the use of factor investing across multiple asset classes. It turns out that style factors well established in the equity domain – such as value, momentum or quality – do extend to other asset classes as well. Even more so, multi-asset multi-factors significantly...

Story-telling helps to define the human experience. Do people also use narratives to make sense of, and to act on, financial information? Three studies demonstrate that people's investment predictions and choices instead are by narrative thinking. Whereas neoclassical financial theory maintains...

This paper studies the aggregation of a downside risk measure introduced by Fishburn (1977). Properties of aggregated downside risk are examined and compared to classical risk measures such as standard deviation and value-at-risk. The notion of downside-efficient portfolios that maximize the...

Investment risk is addressed from the perspective of long-term investors, with key concepts being discussed and methods outlined for evaluating risk over long horizons. The main themes include: the need to focus on shortfall versus objectives and sources of sustained loss, rather than return...

An analysis of the Survey of Consumer Finance shows that wealthy investors have a higher return on their stocks than their poorer counterparts. Three key empirical facts emerge: (i) wealthy investors employ more productive search efforts, (ii) financial risk bearing and search efforts are...

Loss aversion has been shown to be an important driver of people’s investment decisions. Encouraged by regulators, financial institutions are in search of ways to incorporate clients’ loss aversion in their risk classifications. The most critical obstacle appears to be the lack of a valid...

Behavioral biases like disposition effect and over-confidence have received much attention as a potential driver of numerous anomalies observed in the markets. Also, it has been argued that information uncertainty tends to exacerbate these biases and induce stronger irrational behavior among...

This report is a brief of the actual research and discusses two ways of asset allocation in Hedge Funds to generate alpha over the fund of hedge funds. The fund of hedge funds have fallen out of favour for investors seeking alternative investments as they have lagged the general market returns....