This paper examines the heterogeneous effects of the ECB's monetary policies on the resilience of the German banking system between 1999 to 2022. We distinguish between the main bank types in Germany: Large Banks, Regional Banks, Sparkassen, Landesbanken and Credit Unions. We proxy bank-type...

Broadly speaking, a country's financial system includes all institutions involved in moving savings from households and firms (whose income exceeds their expenditures) to other households and firms who like to spend more than their income and liquid assets. There are basically five parts of the...

Written Testimony of Lev Menand for the hearing entitled "Building a Stronger Financial System: Opportunities for a Central Bank Digital Currency" before the U.S. Senate Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs, Subcommittee on Economic Policy

Purpose Financial stability has become a focal point for central banks since the global financial crisis. However, the optimal mix between monetary and financial stability policies remains unclear. In this study, the "soft" approach to such policy mix was tested - how often monetary policy (in...

What is the impact of a sudden and sizeable increase in bank capital requirements on the lending activity by directly affected banks and by non-affected non-bank financial institutions (NBFIs)? To answer this question, we apply a difference-in-differences methodology around the capital exercise...

This study examines the issue of the modernization of the Kazakh financial system considering the new, Enhanced Partnership and Cooperation Agreement with the European Union (EU) (January 19, 2015) and the Kazakh State program "Path to Europe, 2009-2011". It describes new opportunities for the...