This open access book discusses booming housing markets in cities around the globe, and the resulting challenges for policymakers and central banks. Cities are booming everywhere, leading to a growing demand for urban housing. In many cities this demand is out-pacing supply, which causes house...

Financial supervisors are increasingly expected to be able to demonstrate the effectiveness of their actions. In practice, however, this proves challenging as it is difficult to prove the causality between supervisory actions and observed effects. In this paper we describe four lessons that help...