This paper aims an empirical investigation of uncertainty in the Euro Zone as well as the US. For this purpose I … conduct a factor analysis of uncertainty measures starting in 2001 until the end of 2011. I use survey-based data provided by … implied volatility of stock market movements. Each measure shows an increase in uncertainty during the last years marked by …

Austrian Ultimatum, which in retrospect insured the imminent start of a protracted, pan-European war. Signs of uncertainty … disasters and related uncertainty shocks. The analysis demonstrates that, following a four-and-a-half-month closure, the NYSE …

, ultimate lenders and financial intermediaries. The model is used to investigate the impact of uncertainty about the likelihood … between risk and uncertainty is implemented by applying the Gilboa-Schmeidler (1989) maxmin with multiple priors framework to … analysis include: (i) An unanticipated increase in bailout uncertainty raises interest rates, the volume of defaults in both …