This essay focuses the factors that make ETFs and trading in them unique – at times uniquely risky. Following a deep dive into the microstructure of ETFs, I zoom in on the potential systemic risks associated with ETFs, with a focus on the legal structure and, in particular, the arbitrage...

This paper highlights exchange-traded funds (ETF) purchases conducted by the Bank of Japan under Quantitative and Qualitative Monetary Easing with Yield Curve Control. The policy to indirectly purchase stocks is unprecedented in terms of the scale and duration among major central banks. The...