interactions between MP and trade. According to the model with MP, supply-side productivity shocks contributed to the collapse of … to shocks that affected aggregate productivity and were specific to multinationals in a few key headquarters countries …. The MP links significantly amplified the impact of these shocks on the rest of the world, which had a much greater impact …

interactions between MP and trade. According to the model with MP, supply-side productivity shocks contributed to the collapse of … to shocks that affected aggregate productivity and were specific to multinationals in a few key headquarters countries …. The MP links significantly amplified the impact of these shocks on the rest of the world, which had a much greater impact …

relative to FDI. Consistent with theory, the empirical results confirm that the impact of financial constraints is stronger for … effect: Financial constraints do not matter for small firms whose productivity seems to be too low to consider international …