an effective deterrent against future crime. But are calls for more criminal sanctions warranted? Restorative justice … around the world for blue-collar street crimes and state crimes, its theory and application to white collar crime is less … of Justice's approach to white-collar financial crime and federal financial regulators' approach to banking regulation …

We study the investment of organized crime in the legal economy. By using the shock induced on the Italian credit … market by the 2007 subprime mortgage crisis, we document how provinces with a high organized crime presence have been …. We provide evidence that the lower impact of the crisis is consistent with the presence of investments by organized crime …

organized crime. Although criminal organizations are largely detrimental for local economic conditions, their economic activity …