Trading Platforms (TPs), which have automated trading members, have been the focus of increased attention in recent years. ESMA therefore decided in 2013 to conduct a peer review on the Guidelines on systems and controls in an automated trading environment for trading platforms, ESMA 2012/122...

The European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) published a Consultation Paper on Guidelines on the information that should beperiodically submitted to ESMA by credit rating agencies (CRAs). In this Final Report, ESMA considers the responses received to the consultation paper during Q3 2014...

From sub-primes to global meltdown -- Long waves, structural crises, and credit-money -- The foundations of finance-led capitalism -- Financialization revisited : a meso-economic approach -- Shadow banking as network finance -- The international monetary system in flux -- Re-regulation...

Chapter 1: Introduction -- Chapter 2. Capital -- Chapter 3. Credit -- Chapter 4. The Category of Capitalisation -- Chapter 5. Fictitious Capital -- Chapter 6. Speculative Capital -- Chapter 7. Private Banks -- Chapter 8. The Financial System and the State -- Chapter 9. Capital and the World...