Investors who have the flexibility to invest both long and short can benefit from both “winners” and “losers.” This will be especially advantageous if the latter — the short-sale candidates — are less efficiently priced than the winners — the purchase candidates. This is likely to...

The central issue of this paper is analysis and resulting proposals to help unsophisticated pension participants achieve pension portfolios that match their level of risk aversion when there is a large amount of unexplained heterogeneity in risk aversion. Target date funds are commonly used as...