The transformation of economies towards significantly reduced CO2 consumption raises high investment and capital … requirements. Financial and capital markets can help to mobilize the necessary funds for global investment needs and to steer …

This article provides a comprehensive assessment of private firms' financing sources and their relation with financial … reporting practices. We consider debt financing (bank financing, leasing, and government guarantees), equity financing (family … ownership, government ownership, employee ownership, and private-equity financing,), and trade credit (supplier credit and …

This article provides a comprehensive assessment of private firms' financing sources and their relation with financial … reporting practices. We consider debt financing (bank financing, leasing, and government guarantees), equity financing (family … ownership, government ownership, employee ownership, and private-equity financing,), and trade credit (supplier credit and …

regulates the provision of investment services in financial instruments (such as shares, bonds, derivatives and various … structured products) by banks and investment firms, and the operation of traditional stock exchanges and alternative trading …