Before the coronavirus epidemic and the related lockdowns, the EU countries represented various image of social, fiscal and external economic characteristics which is the base of the cluster analysis. The puzzle is whether the pre-crisis preparedness results in different or similar damages...

The typical behaviour of EU Member States over the past decades has been to spend more public money than revenue earned by the government to finance programs with more or less important impact on society. Budget deficits and public debt have become important issues for EU countries, especially...

Many countries operate pronounced fiscal equalization schemes that shift tax revenue across jurisdictions. We use a general equilibrium model with multiple asymmetric regions, costly trade and labor mobility to carve out the aggregate implications of this policy. Calibrating the model for...