This article examines the theory behind the design of fiscal transfers; it identifies acyclicality of transfers as a drawback and proposes counter cyclical design as an optimal fiscal framework to mitigate cyclical economic fluctuations. It further advocates counter-cyclical transfers for...

This paper formulates a model of countercyclical use of long-term full faith and credit debt by subnational governments to finance infrastructure. The model incorporates long-term debt into budgetary policy, considering debt capacity, purposes and security of debt, and equity. The proposition is...

This paper explores how the saving behavior of state governments is affected by adopting the budget stabilization fund (BSF) and by the state's balanced budget requirements (BBR). As a fiscal/budgetary institution, BSFs with unique design features and varying combinations of the BBR articles...

Deficits and debts are very complex issues for eternal public debate. The norm of budget balance - whether as a value judgment or ideal, as a political symbol or as a budgetary principle - often appears in literature and public debate over federal budgetary and fiscal policies. This paper offers...