We study the evolution of the response of fiscal policy to monetary policy shocks in the EMU in the light of two … important events: the signing of the Maastricht treaty in 1992 and the introduction of the EMU in 1999. Based on impulse … policy acted as complements after the introduction of the EMU. These results holds for a set of 11 non-EMU countries as well …

recent major crises, of the legal framework governing the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), as well as current … of the EMU.The following Section II (“The Impact of the Three Major Crises During the Period 2007-2021”) develops on how …

Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) has transformed Europe and has created an integrated pan-European economy. Much … political economy channel of EMU as the monetary union implies that member states had to transfer or at least curtail their … policy autonomy in several areas, such as monetary policy and fiscal policy. The paper shows that EMU has helped reduce the …

for 10 EMU countries and for the ECB. The gains from cooperation are calculated by comparing two equilibria, a Nash and a … as a whole with the targets output gap and inflation. In the case of a "full" cooperation, where the 10 EMU countries … manoeuvre of fiscal policy of the EMU member states in stage III of EMU. Secondly, we find that not in all countries cooperation …