This paper analyses the changes in orientation and composition of Brazilian fiscal policy, focusing on three recent … extraordinary. During the second period of fiscal expansion (2011-2014), the fiscal space was reoriented towards tax cuts and … subsidies to private investment, while public investment stagnated. This new fiscal policy mix proved ineffective in preventing …

guidance for policy-makers in the region for enhancing the quality and scope of macro-fiscal outputs …This paper examines the institutional arrangements of the macro-fiscal function in 16 African countries. Most … ministries of finance (MoFs) have established a macro-fiscal department or unit, but their functions, size, structure and outputs …