The coronavirus pandemic triggered strong political action across Europe. Mandatory restrictions to increase social …, Sweden, served as an outlier. It restricted the spread of the virus primarily through voluntary measures rather than strict … lockdowns. In this study, we compare the health and economic outcomes in Sweden with those of comparable Western European …

Using a structural life-cycle model and data on school visits from Safegraph and school closures from Burbio, we … quantify the heterogeneous impact of school closures during the Corona crisis on children affected at different ages and coming …-person learning for longer periods than elementary schools (implying that younger children experienced less school closures than older …