In most 19th-century centralized states, national monetary unification has been attained thanks to the creation of provincial branch networks by banks of issue. Through a case study on Belgium, this paper investigates the causes and consequences of this phenomenon, as well as its operational...

This paper examines the relationship between changes in the financial sector and the increasing inequality in Germany. For this, first an overview about the development of the main inequality indicators for Germany is given, which show inequality has been rising since the 1980s. Thereafter, the...

In Thailand, the government has long recognized the importance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to the economy and has given a large amount of financial support to this sector. Still, SMEs are not able to catch up with larger enterprises and the constraints to SME financing remain...