"In many countries, unreliable inputs, particularly those lacking storage, can significantly limit a firm's productivity. In the case of an increasing frequency of blackouts, a firm may change factor shares in a number of ways. It may decide to self generate electricity, to purchase intermediate...

Considering the market imperfection theory, this study analyses the performance of Pakistani business groups using a data set of 253 firms from 2003-2012. We find that group affiliation plays a significant role in firm performance due to the group's ability to better cope with inefficiencies and...