This paper studies the effect of Russia's invasion of Ukraine on the performance of firms in Central Asia. It uses … survey contains two waves before and one wave after Russia's invasion of Ukraine. Using the difference …-in-differences methodology in a regression setup, the analysis finds that Central Asian firms with pre-invasion trade links to Russia suffered …

This paper studies the effect of Russia's invasion of Ukraine on the performance of firms in Central Asia. It uses … survey contains two waves before and one wave after Russia's invasion of Ukraine. Using the difference …-in-differences methodology in a regression setup, the analysis finds that Central Asian firms with pre-invasion trade links to Russia suffered …

service link heterogeneity biases upwards expected union performance, particularly in less developed, poor regions in China …