This study investigates the determinants of residual government ownership and the impact of such ownership on post-privatization performance in China. Using panel data on 514 firms for the period from 1999 to 2004, the similar sample period with previous studies, we find that government...

Chinese listed firms recruit independent directors in order to build up connections with people who can provide useful sources and/or protection rather than for their monitoring of top managements. It is found that Chinese listed firms particularly prefer two types of Guanxi provided by...

Negative income shocks may cause lower consumption and a switch in consumption from brand to non-brand products as consumers economize on price (Larkin 2013). This switch can also be the result of the vigorous promotion of private label products (Lamey et al. 2012). However, dedicated customers...