Instrumental stakeholder theory seeks to explain how managing stakeholders effectively can yield competitive advantage for incumbent firms. We extend instrumental stakeholder theory to explain and predict future competition operationalized as new entrepreneurial entries. Our study is among the...

In user innovation theory, a user-founded firm is based on a product that was originally developed by a user for the user’s private need. In this study, we refer to the startup characteristic of user-founded firms as the firms’ user innovation origin. We developed hypotheses to shed some...