Extant literature documents a relationship between human resource management (HRM) practices and performance, but the mechanisms underlying this relationship are still not well understood. We develop a theoretical framework of the HRM-performance relationship fusing an employment systems...

Human resources (HR) represent a crucial resource of enterprises. This especially applies to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), in which HR can create a competitive advantage and affect survival and development. Changes in the business environment, the need for new knowledge, skills and...

Despite being an important type of strategic human capital investment, employee training has not received consistent conclusions from scholars about its implications for organizational performance. In this study, we categorize employee training as either exploitative or explorative depending on...

This study uses an international dataset (26 countries) in examining the questions of what determines employee training from an organisational perspective and to what extent training investments contribute to company performance. The results indicate that the provision of company training is...