Well-designed decentralization can deepen democracy and strengthen the state in five key ways. Decentralizing below the … of authority" critique is mistaken; decentralization transforms the state from a simpler, brittler command structure to …

We investigate the effects of the Indonesian decentralization and democratization process on budget allocation at the … infrastructure. We find that after the dramatic expenditure decentralization of 2001, districts with relatively lower levels of … and administrative decentralization, we find no consistent effects of the democratization process on local public …

, unlike in many developing and transition countries, the decentralization program in Indonesia has not caused major political …Without much preparation, Indonesia, in 2000, at a stroke replaced the previous system of centralized government and … development planning with a wide range of decentralization programs. The reforms gave greater authority, political power, and …