This study aims at comparing Google Search Volume Indices (GSVIs—including market crash and bear market) and VIX (Investor Fear Gauge Index) in terms of explaining the S&P 500 returns. The VIX is found a more robust predictor of stock market returns than Google indices, and it does granger...

Using the next-day and next-week returns of stocks in the Korean market, we examine the association of option volume ratios - i.e. the option-to-stock (O/S) ratio, which is the total volume of put options and call options scaled by total underlying equity volume, and the put-call (P/C) ratio,...