Intraday high-frequency data of stock returns exhibit not only typical characteristics (e.g., volatility clustering and … the leverage effect) but also a cyclical pattern of return volatility that is known as intraday seasonality. In this paper …, we extend the stochastic volatility (SV) model for application with such intraday high-frequency data and develop an …

VARs. To address these issues, we propose VAR models with outlier-augmented stochastic volatility (SV) that combine … transitory and persistent changes in volatility. The resulting density forecasts are much less sensitive to outliers in the data … the pandemic period, as well as for earlier subsamples of relatively high volatility. In historical forecasting, outlier …