productivity area. However, FDI behaves peculiarly, as most are targeted towards developed countries where excess competition … drives down returns and ultimately productivity. On the contrary, it shy in developing countries where one has more …. In particular, we focused on productivity, trade openness, financial liberalization, and institutions. Macro-level data …

This paper examines the relationship between total factor productivity, trade openness, and foreign direct investment … productivity negatively impacts growth due to the improper allocation of resources across sectors. Our paper contributes policy …