International investment agreements employ dispute settlement procedures that differ markedly from their counterparts in trade agreements along three key dimensions: standing (i.e., the right to file grievances), the nature of the remedy, and the remedial period. In the state-to-state dispute...

International investment agreements employ dispute settlement procedures that differ markedly from their counterparts in trade agreements along three key dimensions: standing (i.e., the right to file grievances), the nature of the remedy, and the remedial period. In the state-to-state dispute...

This paper develops an economic theory of international investment agreements, applies it to explain central features of modern investment treaties, and uses it to address a number of prominent issues in international investment litigation. The paper argues that investment agreements have a dual...

International investment agreements employ dispute settlement procedures that differ markedly from their counterparts in trade agreements along three key dimensions: standing (i.e., the right to file grievances), the nature of the remedy, and the remedial period. In the state-to-state dispute...

International investment agreements employ dispute settlement procedures that differ markedly from their counterparts in trade agreements. We develop parallel models of trade and investment agreements and employ them to study these differences. We find that many of the observed differences can...