The efficiency of electricity generation in hard coal fired power plants varies considerably from country to country … abundance of hard coal and the price of hard coal are the two variables of our major interest. We assume that countries with an … abundance of hard coal or relatively low costs of extraction show smaller degrees of efficiency than countries with poor …

role of urbanization, coal consumption and CO2 emissions as additional variables to avoid omitted variable bias. The … within the period under investigation with a high speed of convergence. The ARDL equilibrium relationship shows that coal … findings reveal a one-way link from GDP to coal consumption, suggesting economic prosperity promotes coal consumption. The …