On average, foreign corporations save a third of their local profits in the host country. While this is recorded as "Retained Earnings Foreign Direct Investment" (REFDI), macroeconomics has so far overlooked its particularities. This paper explores the aggregate economic properties of REFDI. It...

The aim of this paper is to analyze the transition results in the countries of the last wave of accession to the European Union. After they joined the EU, the average productivity growth dropped in the first year, but later this was overcome. While the rate of GDP growth rose in most NMS...

This paper examines the data on international capital flows to developing economies for the period 1970-2006. Besides the most aggregate group of all developing countries, developing world is categorised with respect to five regions (Developing Asia, Europe and Central Asia, Latin America and...

An integral part of global current account imbalances is the large and persistent current account surplus developing Asia has run since the 1997-1998 Asian crisis. A country's current account surplus is, by definition, equal to its net saving. The central objective of this paper is to...

This paper explores how affiliates of multinational corporations save liquidity when facing a transitory cash-flow shock. For this a panel is first built of non-publicly traded copper mines in South America between 2001 and 2012, most of them set up as Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). This...

This paper examines two competing approaches for calculating current account benchmarks, i.e. the external sustainability approach á la Lane and Milesi-Ferretti (LM) versus the structural current accounts literature (SCA) based on panel econometric techniques. The aim is to gauge the medium...

Large current account deficits, and the corresponding reliance on capital flows from abroad, can increase a country's vulnerability to periods of heightened risk and uncertainty. This paper develops a framework to evaluate such vulnerabilities. It highlights the central importance of two...

The paper presents the new data collection and the estimation methodology for the external statistics, the results of the comparison between the old and the new data in the overlapping period and the evolution of the Italian balance of payments and international investment position since the...

This article discusses the relation between the balance of payments and the international investment position of countries. It starts with the observation that the net international investment position of many countries is developing independently from their current account balances. This...

We propose a multi-country dynamic general equilibrium model to quantify the implications of trade and FDI liberalizations for the surge of global trade and current account (CA) imbalances. We calibrate our model to replicate the evolution of bilateral trade and FDI flows across 5 major...