Labour productivity growth in the service sector, which accounts for 70% of Japan’s economic output and employment, has … inflows of foreign direct investment (FDI). Reversing the deceleration in productivity growth in the service sector is … productivity growth in services characterised by either low productivity or high growth potential, such as retail, transport …

This study investigates: (i) the effect of foreign direct investment (FDI) on total factor productivity (TFP) and …