In recent years, firms have considerably decentralized their research and development (R&D) activities. Subsidiaries of foreign multinational enterprises (MNEs) are now among the top performers of R&D in many EU and non-EU countries. Specifically, MNE affiliates account for around 20% of total...

This paper analyses the contribution of immigration, trade and FDI to wage inequality of native workers in a sample of old and new EU Member States between 2008 and 2013. Methodologically, we use the regression-based Shapley value decomposition approach of Shorrocks (2013) to filter out their...

Specialisation in value-chain functions is one of the new phenomena introduced by global value chains and holds great potential for productivity gains. The advantages of global value chain integration, however, could be potentially countered by unfavourable functional specialisation. This study...