The national treatment standard has become an important feature in both domestic and international legislation, but China was historically reluctant to grant such treatment due to its former planned economy. However, as China seeks to integrate further into the world, economically and otherwise,...

Such is the purpose of this article. Following Professor Alan Dashwood's formula, it first discusses the question of the existence of such competence, then analyses its exclusivity. In the third part, the EC's practice in this regard is explored and summarized, and some conclusions are drawn in...

This chapter could be found here: https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-981-13-5744-2_37-1.pdfThis chapter focuses on the changes and trends in Chinese bilateral investment treaties and relatedly investment rules of China’s free trade agreements. It analyzes a number of questions:...