This paper studies the relationship between Asia’s economic engagements in Africa and individual African nations’ participation in global value chains (GVC) over the past two decades. We find that while overall exports from Africa to Asia are still highly concentrated in resource-intensive...

Aid for Trade supports developing and least-developed countries in building their trade capacity and in increasing their exports by turning market access opportunities into market presence. It does so by addressing four key areas: trade policy & regulations; economic infrastructure; building...

This paper looks at the various trade policies WTO Members have put into place to foster women's economic empowerment. The analysis below is based on the information provided by WTO Members as part of their Trade Policy Review (TPRs) process from 2014 to 2018. Reports from the WTO Secretariat,...

Governments may decide to control the export of unprocessed raw materials hoping that this will promote local downstream industries. There is scant empirical examination of the actual outcomes of such policies put in place. This paper describes use of export control measures by four...

We investigate the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) and trade, as two measures of globalization, on female labor force participation in a sample of 80 developing countries over the last decades. Contrary to the mainstream view in the literature, which is mainly based on country-case...

There have been voluminous contributions such as Daudin et al. (2011), Johnson and Noguera (2012), Koopmans et al. (2010), and Trefler and Zhu (2010) in measuring value added trade based on input-output tables as generalizations of the vertical specialization measures following Hummels et al....

Last century political class found out how difficult it was for a country like Colombia with such geographical obstacles and incipient technological developments available to conclude a viable and integrated transport network. Juan Bernardo Elbers a wealthy Danish migrant compromised his...

The political class at the turn of the century opposed to the creation of a Central Bank, responding to the argument that government credit control should not surpass what they considered a rational action. Onwards and not exempted of bloodshed the parties' political proposal included the...

The Colombian economy experienced during the first two decades of the present century a stage of rapid economic growth. The export sector encouraged by the coffee industry increased also domestic activity up to a point where aggregated demand traduced into the creation of a whole national...

In diesem Report werden Faktoren analysiert, die im Jahr 2022 zu einer ungewöhnlichen Entwicklung des deutschen Außenhandels mit China beitrugen: Die Ausfuhren nach China stiegen nur um gut 3 Prozent, die Einfuhren dagegen um 34 Prozent. Der hohe Anstieg auf der Einfuhrseite liegt teils an...