We employ a unique data set to examine the spatial clustering of about 1,700 private research and development (R&D) labs in California and across the Northeast corridor of the United States. Using these data, which contain the R&D labs' complete addresses, we are able to more precisely locate...

We geocode a data set of patents and their citation counts, including citations from abroad. This allows us to examine both the quantity and quality of local inventions. We also refine our data on local academic R&D to explore effectsnfrom different fields of science and sources of R&D funding....

This paper develops a simple duopoly model in which investments in Ramp;D and patents are inputs in the production of firm rents. Patents are necessary to appropriate the returns to the firm's own Ramp;D, but patents also create potential claims against the rents of rival firms. Analysis of the...

This chapter reviews academic research on the connections between agglomeration and innovation. We first describe the conceptual distinctions between invention and innovation. We then describe how these factors are frequently measured in the data and some resulting empirical regularities....