This paper analyzes the effects of mixed public-private Ramp;D incentives and empirically tests whether patents that were publicly sponsored are more quot;importantquot; than non-subsidized ones. Blending patents and public subsidies will allow the funding agency to subsidize inventions that...

Subsidized research joint ventures (RJVs) between public research institutions and industry have become increasingly popular in Europe and the US. We study the long-run effects of such a support scheme that has been maintained by the Danish government since 1995. To cope with identification...

We reconsider the justifications of R&D subsidies by Spencer and Brander (1983) and others by allowing firms to pool R&D investments and license innovations. In equilibrium R&D joint ventures are formed and licensing occurs in a way that eliminates the strategic benefits of R&D investment in the...