The distribution of living languages is investigated and scaling relations are found for the diversity of languages as … simulations of fragmentation dynamics where similar scalings appear. The language size distribution is also studied and shown to …

fragmentation. Whereas the growth in North-South trade has been labeled "horizontal globalisation", fragmentation stands for the … "vertical globalisation". First fragmentation is introduced into a Ricardian model with one factor of production in a small … functions where we introduce one or two components. As a result, it seems to be clear that fragmentation is changing …

.e. production fragmentation. The increased importance of fragmentation in world trade has created an interest among trade economists … international fragmentation of production process between Austria and its 29 trading partners, is examined and various country …-specific factors suggested by fragmentation literature are tested using newly developed panel econometrics techniques and more recent …

investigating official tasks in urban management elements and their spatial domain reveals lack of coordination and Fragmentation in … management structure and spatial planning in the region. The paper attempts to discuss these Fragmentation in the fields of …

of all investors. Fragmentation of the marketplace can be seen as a direct outcome of this heterogeneity. In this article … fragmentation, the resulting implications for liquidity and price efficiency, and the role for public policy. Beyond the concerns …

quantities to new partnerships. This has direct consequences for aid fragmentation, with many donors disbursing small amounts to … reduces fragmentation. …

This paper measures and compares fragmentation in aid sectors. Past studies focused on aggregate country data but a … sector analysis provides a better picture of fragmentation. We start by counting the number of aid projects in the developing … shift towards social sectors and, as a consequence, these are the most fragmented. We quantify fragmentation in each aid …