Cross-country integration of banking in Europe typically has been analyzed from the perspective of particular markets for financial products. We extend this research to consider the potential effects of market integration on the portfolio choices and financial structure of banks in seven...

The implementation of the MiFID Directive in November 2007 results in the end of monopolies of European stock exchanges. Thus it introduces trades fragmentation: listed securities are no longer solely traded in the market which first listed them, but also in other stock exchanges or trading...