sample period is split in two: before and after the MFI implemented France's regulatory EUR 10,000 loan ceiling. In the first … period, the MFI does not co-finance projects with mainstream banks and loan size is gender-insensitive. In the second period …, the MFI does co-finance above-ceiling projects with mainstream banks, and we observe a gender gap in loan size. The …

puzzle: gender bias from voters. We use a natural experiment during the French Départementales elections of 2015: for the … first time in this country, candidates had to run by pairs, which had to be gender-balanced. The order of the candidates on …-good-as-random. This setting allows us isolating gender biases from selection effects. Our main result is that there exists a negative …

for other banks. As an empirical exercise, we apply this model to the French banking system. Relying on data on bank …

The returns on bank stocks rise and fall with the business cycle, making bank equity financing cheaper in the boom and …

As part of the International Banking Research Network, the Banque de France contribution to the research project on …

to bank profitability in France …

and Egypt. The findings show that bank income smoothing is present in the UK and Egypt, and absent in France and South …, bank income smoothing is pronounced in France during and after the financial crisis but is absent in the pre-crisis period … the United Kingdom, and (iii) adopt civil law such as France and Egypt. Bank earnings management is also greater in …

buffers and loan growth with firm-level data for French banks over the period 1993-2009. Our findings reveal that bank capital … capital is considered. Moreover, by performing Granger causality tests at the bank level, we find evidence of a two …