area, directly or via the French wholesale bank. Second, a "bottom-up" approach can be built-up, where the cash holdings of … use of cash for transactional purpose. Bearing in mind that those various approaches do not always separate the hoarding … similarities and differences between those several methods sheds light on the French national demand for cash by giving hints on …

pointing out for the first time the impact of the subjective risk on cash holding …

Modeling the demand for cash and deposits is a primary concern for central banks. Within a wide range of academic … same payment instrument. We propose a simple alternative model based on cash holding (CH model) that allows equal …-sized transactions to be paid for in cash or with other payment instruments. Using micro-level payment data from two representative …