This note uses comparable representative data for manufacturing firms from five European countries (Germany, France …, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom) to investigate the links between firm age and the participation of the firms in export …, the share of exports in total sales, the number of countries exported to, and the participation in import. The big picture …

-correction models for the U.S., Japan, Germany, France, and Italy indicates that changes in the real exchange rate are not fully passed … through into import prices, not even in the long run. By modeling the dynamic behavior of import suppliers as an inter … the long run as well as in the short run. Thus, a proper distinction might be crucial when predicting import price …

This study reports results from an empirical investigation of business services sector firms that (start to) export … comparable enterprise level data from France, Germany, and the United Kingdom. Exporters are more productive and pay higher wages … significantly smaller in Germany, significantly larger in France, and does not differ significantly in the UK. The results for wages …