been standardized to an international mean of 500 and a standard deviation of 100, which facilitates the comparison across …

detailed information on the early school career of a large representative sample of pupils. This dataset makes it possible to … sector housing. Section 5 shows the �ndings with the panel of pupils. Section 6 concludes. 2 Data and Variables The datasets … school, the heavy teaching load, and the very high propor- tion of pupils who have to repeat one or two grades before the end …