under a civil liability regime. The literature generally holds that regulation should be the primary instrument to promote … environmental care, but that environmental liability can have a supplementary effect. However, little is known empirically on how … environmental liability actually supplements regulation and whether this combination can in fact be considered efficient. This paper …

Reasons for the joint use of ex ante regulation and ex post liability to cope with environmental accidents have been a … evidence that liability may be a complement to regulation by encouraging aspects of care that cannot be regulated at reasonable … costs, especially human behaviour and organization within dangerous entities. An unexpected effect of liability is observed …

uncertainty problems in liability. A widely held view among Law & Economics scholars is that civil liability alone is not well … civil liability rule, it is therefore advocated that a regulatory system be implemented combined with a public insurance … scheme, or, alternatively, to go for a mix of regulation and civil liability. Such a mix of regulation and civil liability …

decision on nuclear power phase-out on several measures of subjective perception in Germany. In the light of current political …