promoted management training trips for European managers at US firms. Through the analysis of reports compiled by UK, France …, Germany, and Italian participating firms, I first document that these companies claimed between 5 and 10% yearly productivity …

learning algorithm. The algorithm uncovers two distinct behavioral types: “leaders” and “managers”. Leaders focus on multi …-function, high-level meetings, while managers focus on one-to-one meetings with core functions. Firms with leader CEOs are on average …