Linear programming (LP) is the most widely used optimization technique for solving real-life problems because of its simplicity and efficiency. Although conventional LP models require precise data, managers and decision makers dealing with real-world optimization problems often do not have...

Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is a widely used mathematical programming approach for comparing the inputs and outputs of a set of comparable decision making units (DMUs) by evaluating their relative efficiency. The traditional DEA methods require accurate measurement of both the inputs and...

Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is a non-parametric method for measuring the efficiency of peer operating units that employ multiple inputs to produce multiple outputs. Several DEA methods have been proposed for clustering operating units. However, to the best of our knowledge, the existing...