The race towards smart city status, influenced by the perceived benefits of innovation and sustainability in smart city concepts, has engendered the need to measure the smartness/smart development levels of developing countries' cities to improve upon urban infrastructures. However, various...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify and then evaluate perceived risk factors influencing variability between contract sum and final count, and to develop a fuzzy risk assessment model for evaluating the overall impact of established critical risk factors impacting on variability...