's behavior as a signal of how the latter would treat her if they met? In order to measure the relative importance of the altruism … than an act of altruism. …

theory typically manipulate perceived intentions through changes in wealth resulting from a sacrifice in pay by another … literature by implementing a modified dictator game where gifts to dictators are possible, but where gift transactions are also … outcomes. In addition, this study uses both monetary and non-monetary gifts; previous studies typically use only monetary …

's behavior as a signal of how the latter would treat her if they met? In order to measure the relative importance of the altruism … than an act of altruism. …

treatment in our solidarity experiment all subjects face the same probability of becoming needy, in the other treatment subjects … subjects are asked how much they will give to losers in their group to investigate if people are willing to give the same gifts …