While reading to children affects the development of their own early reading skills, the set of numeracy activities … studied here and undertaken by Australian parents with children before they start school had no impact on their Year 4 … achievement in mathematics. It is possible that other, unmeasured parental activities affect the early numeracy skills of children …

hundred children in a variety of strategic interactions. First, we find that theory-of-mind ability and cognitive ability both … emphasize the importance of childhood theory-of-mind as a cognitive skill. We collected experimental data from more than seven … predict level-k behavior. Second, older children respond to information about the cognitive ability of their opponent, which …