Using multiple econometrics methods, this paper examines the cointegration and causality relationships between the futures prices of gasoline and the spot prices of two major types of crude oil (i.e. WTI and Brent). The existence of cointegration between prices in adjacent markets, crude oil...

We estimate the price elasticity of the demand for gasoline smuggling in Iran. For this purpose, we employ a detailed panel of monthly gasoline consumption data from 160 distribution hubs during the period 2005-2014. We apply two different approaches which are diff-in-diff and panel data...

We show that including Google Search Volume (GSV) for bus and train, as proxies for the willingness of the consumers to use public transportation services, significantly improves the explanatory and predictive power of the estimated demand for the United States retail gasoline. We find that...

In an open economy, the foreign exchange rate (FER) influences incentives for the cross-border shopping of gasoline as well as the opportunity cost of using vehicles and the relative attractiveness of home versus foreign travel. Using monthly regional-level data of gasoline consumption in Iran,...