The complexity inherent in operations in the oil and gas industry, from complicated upstream, midstream and downstream processes such as exploratory magnetic, gravimetric and seismic surveying for hydrocarbon-bearing rock formations, exploratory drilling of wells, appraisal of prospective...

As China is dependent on oil and gas imports to maintain its high growth rates, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) and Central Asia have become increasingly important for the country's economic development. In May 2014, China and Russia signed a new gas deal, for example, and in recent...

Governments in extraction countries are anxious to estimate expected investment in development projects, since they represent an essential element of the macro economy. The overall level of activity is also crucial to oil companies, since the macro picture affects cost levels, the supplies...